Of fecal shedding of serogroup C1 salmonellae during the peripartum period [17]. Here we have investigated the effect of melatonin administration as an adjuvant of the C. perfringens vaccine administered prepartum on?2012 Regod et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Regod et al. BMC Veterinary Research 2012, 8:84 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/8/Page 2 ofTable 1 Plasma melatonin concentration (pg/mL) at the time of 4-Bromopicolinaldehyde the vaccination procedure at 10:00 A.MTreatment 0 I. Control II. Melatonin Implant III. Vaccine IV. Vaccine+Melatonin Implant 123 ?10 125 ?10 120 ?14 126 ?12 21 132 ?12 277 ?14* 126 ?10 295 ?11* Day 42 127 ?12 296 ?15* 124 ?12 328 ?13* 60 131 ?8 292 ?12* 128 ?12 313 ?9* 90 126 ?10 261 PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23410069 ?10 130 ?10 287 ?14*Values represent mean melatonin concentration as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data are expressed as pg/mL and presented as mean ?S.E.M. of 10 experiments. * P < 0.05 compared with day 0. P < 0.05 compared with their respective control in non-vaccinated animals.the immune response. In addition, we have explored whether PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20618955 vaccination against C. perfringens alters platelet function, as shown for the vaccine against Dichelobacter nodosus [8].Results and discussion Rectal temperature, as well as the observation of possible local or general Fmoc-Oic-OH adverse reactions, is important for the evaluation of the innocuousness of vaccine or melatonin administration. We have not found any local or general clinical signs, including granulomas, after administration of the vaccine or subcutaneous implants of melatonin in our experimental groups. In addition, the rectal temperature was in the physiological range. Serum concentration of melatonin in the different experimental groups is shown in Table 1. In control animals (not vaccinated, not treated with melatonin), the plasma level of melatonin was quite stable with no significant changes during the performance of the experiment. Vaccination per se had no significant effect on the serum level of melatonin. As expected administration of melatonin by implant induced a significant increase in the serum concentration of melatonin, which was maintained elevated for 60 days and then returned to basal levels in animals with melatonin implant. Melatonin plays a role in synchronizing the reproductive responses of animals to environmental light conditions; it has been reported that serum melatonin levels during human pregnancy are higher than in a nonpregnant state [18]. Here, we showed for the first time in sheep, the differences in plasma melatonin concentration between non-pregnant and pregnant sheep. As weTable 2 Serum antibody levels at the different treatmentsTreatment 0 I. Control II. Melatonin Implant III. Vaccine IV. Vaccine + Melatonin Implant 13 ?2 12 ?2 16 ?3 14 ?3 21 12 ?3 16 ?3 40 ?6* 52 ?*}showed previously, sheep in non-gestational state have an average plasma melatonin concentration of 15 pg/mL [8], considerably smaller than pregnant sheep (125 pg/mL) (Table 1). Differences in plasma melatonin concentration may be due to strong melatonin antioxidant properties, as well as, as previously postulated, high levels of melatonin during pregnancy may be one of the factors that reduce oxidative damage.
A Ciência & Ensino é uma publicação semestral destinada a professores de ciências do ensino fundamental e médio e seus formadores.
Of fecal shedding of serogroup C1 salmonellae during the peripartum period
por Carin Hanton (2024-06-05)
Of fecal shedding of serogroup C1 salmonellae during the peripartum period [17]. Here we have investigated the effect of melatonin administration as an adjuvant of the C. perfringens vaccine administered prepartum on?2012 Regod et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Regod et al. BMC Veterinary Research 2012, 8:84 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/8/Page 2 ofTable 1 Plasma melatonin concentration (pg/mL) at the time of 4-Bromopicolinaldehyde the vaccination procedure at 10:00 A.MTreatment 0 I. Control II. Melatonin Implant III. Vaccine IV. Vaccine+Melatonin Implant 123 ?10 125 ?10 120 ?14 126 ?12 21 132 ?12 277 ?14* 126 ?10 295 ?11* Day 42 127 ?12 296 ?15* 124 ?12 328 ?13* 60 131 ?8 292 ?12* 128 ?12 313 ?9* 90 126 ?10 261 PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23410069 ?10 130 ?10 287 ?14*Values represent mean melatonin concentration as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data are expressed as pg/mL and presented as mean ?S.E.M. of 10 experiments. * P < 0.05 compared with day 0. P < 0.05 compared with their respective control in non-vaccinated animals.the immune response. In addition, we have explored whether PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20618955 vaccination against C. perfringens alters platelet function, as shown for the vaccine against Dichelobacter nodosus [8].Results and discussion Rectal temperature, as well as the observation of possible local or general Fmoc-Oic-OH adverse reactions, is important for the evaluation of the innocuousness of vaccine or melatonin administration. We have not found any local or general clinical signs, including granulomas, after administration of the vaccine or subcutaneous implants of melatonin in our experimental groups. In addition, the rectal temperature was in the physiological range. Serum concentration of melatonin in the different experimental groups is shown in Table 1. In control animals (not vaccinated, not treated with melatonin), the plasma level of melatonin was quite stable with no significant changes during the performance of the experiment. Vaccination per se had no significant effect on the serum level of melatonin. As expected administration of melatonin by implant induced a significant increase in the serum concentration of melatonin, which was maintained elevated for 60 days and then returned to basal levels in animals with melatonin implant. Melatonin plays a role in synchronizing the reproductive responses of animals to environmental light conditions; it has been reported that serum melatonin levels during human pregnancy are higher than in a nonpregnant state [18]. Here, we showed for the first time in sheep, the differences in plasma melatonin concentration between non-pregnant and pregnant sheep. As weTable 2 Serum antibody levels at the different treatmentsTreatment 0 I. Control II. Melatonin Implant III. Vaccine IV. Vaccine + Melatonin Implant 13 ?2 12 ?2 16 ?3 14 ?3 21 12 ?3 16 ?3 40 ?6* 52 ?*}showed previously, sheep in non-gestational state have an average plasma melatonin concentration of 15 pg/mL [8], considerably smaller than pregnant sheep (125 pg/mL) (Table 1). Differences in plasma melatonin concentration may be due to strong melatonin antioxidant properties, as well as, as previously postulated, high levels of melatonin during pregnancy may be one of the factors that reduce oxidative damage.